National League for Nursing (NLN PAX) Practice Exam

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Which of these arrangements of atoms is commonly found in all alcohols?

  1. C-H

  2. C-O

  3. C-OH

  4. C-COOH

The correct answer is: C-OH

In alcohols, the defining functional group is the hydroxyl group, which is represented as -OH. The arrangement of atoms that includes a carbon atom (C) bonded to an oxygen atom (O) and a hydrogen atom (H) specifically forms this hydroxyl group. Therefore, when considering common characteristics of all alcohols, the presence of the carbon-oxygen-hydrogen arrangement (C-OH) is critical. This structure not only identifies the molecule as an alcohol but also contributes to its chemical properties, such as polarity and solubility in water. Each variety of alcohol, regardless of its carbon chain length or branching, adheres to this fundamental feature, distinguishing it from other organic compounds that do not contain a hydroxyl group.

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